Typical Spiders
suborder of class “Arachnids“
1 suborder, 6 families, 10 species
This summary provides information about the distinguishing characteristics, spiders included, and systematics of the Araneomorphae group. Araneomorphae spiders have fangs that face towards each other, while Mygalomorphae spiders have fangs that face towards the ground. The Araneomorphae group includes familiar spiders like weavers, cobweb spiders, crab spiders, jumping spiders, and wolf spiders. In older schemes, Araneomorphae were divided into two lineages, but molecular studies have shown that the group is not monophyletic.
Hierarchy
family of suborder “Typical Spiders“
1 family, 2 species
family of suborder “Typical Spiders“
1 family, 6 species
family of suborder “Typical Spiders“
1 family, 6 species
family of suborder “Typical Spiders“
1 family, 2 species
family of suborder “Typical Spiders“
1 family, 2 species
family of suborder “Typical Spiders“
1 family, 2 species
Distinguishing characteristics#
Most of spider species are Araneomorphae, which have fangs that face towards each other, increasing the orientations they can employ during prey capture. They have fewer, usually one pair of book lungs (when present), and the females typically live one year.
The Mygalomorphae have fangs that face towards the ground, and which are parallel to the long axis of the spider’s body, thus they have only one orientation they can employ during prey capture. They have two pairs of book lungs, and the females often live many years.
Spiders included#
Almost all of the familiar spiders are included in the Araneomorphae group, one major exception being the tarantulas. There are a few other Mygalomorphae species that live around homes or gardens, but they typically are relatively small and not easily noticed. The Araneomorphae, to the contrary, include the weavers of spiral webs; the cobweb spiders that live in the corners of rooms, and between windows and screens; the crab spiders that lurk on the surfaces of flowers in gardens; the jumping spiders that are visible hunting on surfaces; the wolf spiders that carpet hunting sites in sunny spots; and the large huntsman spiders.
Systematics#
In older schemes, the Araneomorphae were divided into two lineages, the Hypochilae (containing only the family Hypochilidae), and the Neocribellatae. The Neocribellatae were in turn divided into the Austrochiloidea, and the two series Haplogynae and Entelogynae, each containing several superfamilies. Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that the haplogynes in particular are not a monophyletic group. A 2020 study suggested the relationships among the major groups were as shown in the following cladogram. The blue bar to the right shows the former Haplogynae in the sense of Coddington (2005).
External links#
Media related to Araneomorphae at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Araneomorphae at Wikispecies
This summary provides information about the distinguishing characteristics, spiders included, and systematics of the Araneomorphae group. Araneomorphae spiders have fangs that face towards each other, while Mygalomorphae spiders have fangs that face towards the ground. The Araneomorphae group includes familiar spiders like weavers, cobweb spiders, crab spiders, jumping spiders, and wolf spiders. In older schemes, Araneomorphae were divided into two lineages, but molecular studies have shown that the group is not monophyletic.
Ancestry Graph
Further Information
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