The species described in the article is characterized by a smooth prothorax and a green upper surface. They can be found on various herbaceous and woody plants, with females laying eggs in fruit tree leaves. The nymphs are wingless and feed on fruits and vegetables, while adults can fly between different food sources and also prey on aphids, caterpillars, and mites. During courtship, males vibrate their abdomen while females carry or accumulate a sex pheromone on their legs. The species can be considered a pest as they feed on leaves, leaving holes and damaging fruits, injecting toxic saliva in the process.
Description
#The prothorax of those species is smooth with the whole upper surface is usually green.
Ecology
#Can be found on almost all herbaceous and woody plants, especially nettles. Females lay their eggs in the fruit trees leaves. When the eggs hatch in spring, they start feeding on gooseberries, basswood, potatoes, and other fruits and vegetables. They also can be found in the green houses sucking on peppers. The nymphs of the species are yellowish-green coloured, and are wingless. The adult species can fly from fruit to fruit. Aside from feeding on various crops, they also feed on aphids, caterpillars, and mites.
Habitat
#They hide under fallen leaves in winter, especially under the hedge, which can be a perfect place for them to lay their eggs.
Courtship and sexual attraction
#The males of the species vibrate their abdomen while courting. The females legs either carry a close-range sex pheromone or it is accumulated on the legs because of the grooming behavior. The extract of the legs contains a few of hydrocarbons including n-alkenes, n-alkanes, and some methylalkanes. The female also extracts pentacosene, while male extracts heptacosene. The females have elicited similar to males responses, which means that the pheromone is living on the substrate.
Pest
#They feed on leaves by leaving small brown holes in the foliage. After the damage is done, the species leave, leaving the flowers open lop sided. The species can damage fruits as well, by leaving bumps on them. When they drink the sap, they inject their poisonous salivary juices, which can cause buds, leaves and fruit distortions.
== References ==
The species described in the article is characterized by a smooth prothorax and a green upper surface. They can be found on various herbaceous and woody plants, with females laying eggs in fruit tree leaves. The nymphs are wingless and feed on fruits and vegetables, while adults can fly between different food sources and also prey on aphids, caterpillars, and mites. During courtship, males vibrate their abdomen while females carry or accumulate a sex pheromone on their legs. The species can be considered a pest as they feed on leaves, leaving holes and damaging fruits, injecting toxic saliva in the process.
Ancestry Graph
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flowchart LR
classDef active fill:#fff
arthropods("phylum: Arthropods"):::active
arthropods-->insects("class: Insects"):::active
insects-->true-bugs("suborder: True Bugs"):::active
true-bugs-->plant-bugs("family: Plant Bugs"):::active
plant-bugs-.->campyloneura-virgula(["species: Campyloneura virgula"])
plant-bugs-.->alfalfa-plant-bug(["species: Alfalfa Plant Bug"])
plant-bugs-.->apolygus-lucorum(["species: Apolygus lucorum"])
plant-bugs-.->calocoris-affinis(["species: Calocoris affinis"])
plant-bugs-.->closterotomus-biclavatus(["species: Closterotomus biclavatus"])
plant-bugs==>common-green-capsid(["species: Common Green Capsid"]):::active
plant-bugs-.->common-nettle-flower-bug(["species: Common Nettle Flower Bug"])
plant-bugs-.->deraeocoris-lutescens(["species: Deraeocoris lutescens"])
plant-bugs-.->dicyphus-errans(["species: Dicyphus errans"])
plant-bugs-.->european-tarnished-plant-bug(["species: European Tarnished Plant Bug"])
plant-bugs-.->lygus-pratensis(["species: Lygus pratensis"])
plant-bugs-.->meadow-plant-bug(["species: Meadow Plant Bug"])
plant-bugs-.->orthotylus-nassatus(["species: Orthotylus nassatus"])
plant-bugs-.->psallus-varians(["species: Psallus varians"])
plant-bugs-.->red-spotted-plant-bug(["species: red-spotted plant bug"])
plant-bugs-.->spotted-plant-bug(["species: spotted plant bug"])
plant-bugs-.->three-spotted-nettle-bug(["species: Three Spotted Nettle Bug"])
plant-bugs-.->trigonotylus-ruficornis(["species: Trigonotylus ruficornis"])
plant-bugs-.->two-spotted-grass-bug(["species: Two-spotted Grass Bug"])
click campyloneura-virgula href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/campyloneura-virgula/"
click alfalfa-plant-bug href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/alfalfa-plant-bug/"
click apolygus-lucorum href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/apolygus-lucorum/"
click calocoris-affinis href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/calocoris-affinis/"
click closterotomus-biclavatus href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/closterotomus-biclavatus/"
click common-green-capsid href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/common-green-capsid/"
click common-nettle-flower-bug href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/common-nettle-flower-bug/"
click deraeocoris-lutescens href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/deraeocoris-lutescens/"
click dicyphus-errans href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/dicyphus-errans/"
click european-tarnished-plant-bug href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/european-tarnished-plant-bug/"
click lygus-pratensis href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/lygus-pratensis/"
click meadow-plant-bug href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/meadow-plant-bug/"
click orthotylus-nassatus href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/orthotylus-nassatus/"
click psallus-varians href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/psallus-varians/"
click red-spotted-plant-bug href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/red-spotted-plant-bug/"
click spotted-plant-bug href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/spotted-plant-bug/"
click three-spotted-nettle-bug href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/three-spotted-nettle-bug/"
click trigonotylus-ruficornis href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/trigonotylus-ruficornis/"
click two-spotted-grass-bug href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/two-spotted-grass-bug/"
click arthropods href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/"
click insects href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/"
click true-bugs href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/"
click plant-bugs href "/en/catalogue/arthropods/insects/true-bugs/plant-bugs/"
Further Information
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