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Round-backed Millipedes

Lat. “Juliformia“
superorder des Unterstamms “Myriapods“
1 superorder

Juliform millipedes have long bodies with fused skeletal plates and defensive glands on most segments. They are unique for producing quinones in their defensive secretions. Males have specialized gonopods on their 8th and 9th pairs of legs for sperm transfer. They lack Tömösváry organs and have a large collum. Xyloiuloidea is an extinct superfamily of millipedes with uncertain classification within Juliformia, known from the Lower Devonian to the Upper Pennsylvanian periods.

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Morphology
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The species possess long cylindrical bodies with sclerites (skeletal plates consisting of ventral sternites, lateral pleurites, and dorsal tergites) fused into complete rings. Juliform millipedes possess defensive repugnatorial glands on all body segments except the last few, and are the only known millipedes to produce quinones in their defensive secretions. Juliform males have two pairs of gonopods consisting of the modified 8th and 9th pair of legs: in Julida and Spirobolida the posterior gonopods (9th leg pair) are primarily involved in sperm-transferring, while in Spirostreptida it is the anterior gonopods (8th leg pair). Juliformians also lack Tömösváry organs and have a large collum (first body segment) which overhangs the rear of the head.

Taxonomy
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The Xyloiuloidea is an extinct superfamily of fossil millipedes of uncertain placement within the Juliformia. Known from the Lower Devonian to the Upper Pennsylvanian, Xyloiuloidea consists of four families and several genera. The group was formerly considered a suborder of Spirobolida, but newly discovered species in 2006 required a reconsideration of classification, and the order to which Xyloiuloidea belongs remains undetermined.

== References ==

Juliform millipedes have long bodies with fused skeletal plates and defensive glands on most segments. They are unique for producing quinones in their defensive secretions. Males have specialized gonopods on their 8th and 9th pairs of legs for sperm transfer. They lack Tömösváry organs and have a large collum. Xyloiuloidea is an extinct superfamily of millipedes with uncertain classification within Juliformia, known from the Lower Devonian to the Upper Pennsylvanian periods.

Ancestry Graph

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Further Information

„Round-backed Millipedes“ on wikipedia.org
„Round-backed Millipedes“ on iNaturalist.org

Copyright

Wikipedia
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Juliformia the free encyclopedia Wikipedia which is released under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License). On Wikipedia a list of authors is available.