www.kleine-wesen.org
www.kleine-wesen.org
The Tingidae are a family of very small (2–10 mm (0.08–0.39 in)) insects in the order Hemiptera that are commonly referred to as lace bugs. This group is distributed worldwide with about 2,000 described species. They are called lace bugs because the pronotum and fore wings of the adult have a delicate and intricate network of divided areas that resemble lace. Their body appearance is flattened dorsoventrally and they can be broadly oval or slender. Often, the head is concealed under the hood-like pronotum. Lace bugs are usually host-specific and can be very destructive to plants. Most feed on the undersides of leaves by piercing the epidermis and sucking the sap. The then empty cells give the leaves a bronzed or silvery appearance. Each individual usually completes its entire lifecycle on the same plant, if not the same part of the plant. Most species have one to two generations per year, but some species have multiple generations. Most overwinter as adults, but some species overwinter as eggs or nymphs. This group has incomplete metamorphosis in that the immature stages resemble the adults, except that the immatures are smaller and do not have wings. However, wing pads appear in the second and third instars and increase in size as the nymph matures. Depending on the species, lace bugs have four or five instars. Lace bugs sometimes fall out of trees, land on people, and bite, which, although painful, is a minor nuisance. No medical treatment is necessary. There are reports in Europe, e.g., Italy, France and Romania, of Corythucha ciliata biting humans and some people have painful reactions, e.g., dermatosis.
The relationships within the Miroidea group are not clearly defined, with different experts having differing opinions on how to classify them. Fossils of Miroidea members have been discovered dating back to the Early Cretaceous period, with Sinaldocader from Russia being the oldest known specimen. Some lacebug species, like Gargaphia solani and Stephanitis takeyai, are associated with specific plants. Various lacebug species can be found in different regions, such as Britain, the southeastern U.S., and Mexico. Websites like the University of Florida's Featured Creatures provide information on different lacebug species and their characteristics.
Netzwanzen oder Gitterwanzen (Tingidae) sind eine Familie der Wanzen (Heteroptera). Sie kommen weltweit mit über 2000 Arten vor, von denen in Europa 190 Arten und Unterarten vertreten sind. In Deutschland und Österreich sind gegenwärtig 75 Arten bekannt, welche ausnahmslos der Unterfamilie der Tinginae angehören. Kennzeichnendes Merkmal dieser Insekten ist die netzartige Struktur ihrer Körperoberseite, welche diesen Tieren den deutschen Namen eingetragen hat.
Netzwanzen sind kleine Insekten mit einer Körperlänge von 2 bis 8 Millimetern und flachen Körpern. Sie haben eine netzartige Struktur auf ihren Vorderflügeln und gekielten Halsschildern. Diese Tiere sind phytophag, ernähren sich also von Pflanzen, und legen ihre Eier tief in pflanzliches Gewebe. In Deutschland sind 64 Arten von Netzwanzen bekannt, von denen einige als Kulturschädlinge auftreten können. Die Wanzen sind oft an bestimmte Pflanzenarten gebunden und verstecken sich auf Blättern und Blüten.