Defensive adaptations
It is known that some Carabus nemoralis populations will regurgitate foul-smelling brownish-red liquid as a defense mechanism.

Carabus nemoralis (commonly called the “Bronze Carabid”) is a ground beetle common in central and northern Europe, as well as Iceland and Canada. While native to Europe, it has been introduced to and is expanding its range throughout North America.
It is known that some Carabus nemoralis populations will regurgitate foul-smelling brownish-red liquid as a defense mechanism.
Carabus nemoralis typically has one breeding period in the spring with eggs hatching in autumn of the same year. )
Carabus nemoralis nemoralis (Ireland, Great Britain, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Czechia, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, former Yugoslavia, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, New Zealand, Canada, Russia) Carabus nemoralis lamadridae Born, 1895 (Spain) Carabus nemoralis prasinotinctus Heyden, 1880 (France , Spain)
Scanned 3d model Picture gallery Media related to Carabus nemoralis at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Carabus nemoralis at Wikispecies
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Carabus nemoralis the free encyclopedia Wikipedia which is released under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License). On Wikipedia a list of authors is available.
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